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Colonialism is when a country establishes complete social, political and economic control over another, something that Britain did to what we now call Australia in 1788. More often than not, colonialism is mixed up with imperialism, and while they do go hand in hand, unlike colonialism, imperialism is a formal or informal economic or political dominance of one country over another. For example, what the United States did to Cuba just after the Spanish-American war ended in 1898.
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